What are the two most important products of the citric acid cycle?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks about the two most important products of the citric acid cycle. To approach this, we evaluate each choice based on the biochemical outputs of one turn of the cycle.
Option 1: 'ATP and Acetyl-CoA' — This is inaccurate because ATP is not produced directly in large amounts by the citric acid cycle; the cycle mainly generates reducing equivalents, and ATP is produced later via oxidative phosphorylation. Acetyl-CoA is not a product of the cycle; it is the substrate that enters the cycle. So this option misidentifies both components.
Option 2: 'NADH and FADH2' — This is the correct pair. Each turn of the cycle reduces NAD+ to NADH and FAD to FADH2, which are the principal reduced cofactors feeding the electron transport chain to generate ATP. This aligns with the core function of the cycle: generating high-energy electrons for oxidative phosphorylation.
Option 3: 'NAD+ and ATP' — This is misleading because NAD+ is the oxidized form, not a product; it is the substrate that gets reduced to NADH during the cycle. Also, while ATP is eventually produced, it comes from oxidative phosphorylation using NADH and FADH2, not directly as a primary product of the cycle itself.
Option 4: 'Acetyl-CoA and NADH' — Acetyl-CoA is the reactant that enters the cycle, not a product. NADH is indeed produced, but since the pair includes a reactant (Acetyl-CoA) alongside a product (NADH), this choice does not accurately reflect the cycle’s outputs.
In summary, Option 2 accurately states the key products formed per turn of the citric acid cycle, while the other options either mix reactants with products or reference species that are not the main immediate outputs of the cycle.

Bio 93 Section CDE 2025 Midterm 2- Section E

What are the two most important products of the citric acid cycle?

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