(Q032) Which mechanism best describes the process by which neutrophils are recruited by endothelial cells?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To understand how neutrophils are recruited by endothelial cells, we need to consider the cellular communication at the interface between these two cell types.
Option 1: 'Proteins are tethered to the cell cortex.' This describes proteins anchored to the inner cytoskeletal region of a cell, not the intercellular interactions that mediate recruitment from one cell to another, so it does not capture the recruitment mechanism.
Option 2: 'Proteins interact with the proteins on the surface of another cell.' This accurately reflects the essential principle: adhesion molecules and receptors on neutrophils engage complementary proteins (such as selectins and integrins with their ligands) on endothelial cells, coordinating rolling, adhesion, and transmigration—a direct intercellular protein-protein interaction driving recruitment.
Option 3: 'Protein movement is limited by the presence of a diffusion barrier.' While diffusion barriers can influence the distribution of proteins within membranes, this statement does not address the active, specific intercellular interactions that recruit neutrophils from the bloodstream to the endothelium.
Option 4: 'Proteins are tethered to the extracellular matrix.' Tethering to the extracellular matrix refers to the matrix environment surrounding cells, not to the direct cell–cell contacts required for neutrophil recruitment to endothelial surfaces, making this option incorrect for this mechanism.
In summary, the recruitment process hinges on specific protein-protein interactions across the cell–cell boundary, which is best captured by option 2.

(Q032) Which mechanism best describes the process by which neutrophils are recruited by endothelial cells?

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