题目
题目
单项选择题

Which of the following is a structural reason why diabetes and heart disease would be associated in the DAG above?  

选项
A.a. Diabetes is a cause of heart disease
B.b. Physical activity is a common cause of both diabetes and heart disease
C.c. Both diabetes and heart disease affect mortality and the analysis is restricted to only those who are alive at the time of the study
D.d. All of the above
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思路分析
To tackle this question, I’ll evaluate what each option implies about the relationship between physical activity, diabetes, and heart disease. Option a: 'Diabetes is a cause of heart disease' — This reverses the typical directional assumption in a DAG about risk factors. While diabetes increases risk for heart disease, the statement claims diabetes causes heart disease directly as a structural path, which oversimplifies and misrepresents causal direction in many DAGs. It ignores the possibility that both conditions share common causes a......Login to view full explanation

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