When blood calcium levels are low,
Blank
______ calcium is excreted in the urine.

Question

When blood calcium levels are low, 
Blank
______ calcium is excreted in the urine.

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

When blood calcium levels are low, the body activates mechanisms to conserve calcium rather than excrete it. 
Option A: 'less' — This aligns with the physiological response: decreased urinary calcium excretion occurs because the kidneys reabsorb more calcium under the influence of parathyroid hormone (PTH), helping to restore serum calcium. 
Option B: 'more' — This would increase calcium loss in urine, which would worsen hypocalcemia, and is not what occurs when calcium is low. The body prioritizes conservation, not loss, in this scenario. 
Additional context: PTH increases bone resorption, increases kidney reabsorption of calcium, and stimulates activation of vitamin D to boost intestinal calcium absorption. Taken together, these actions reduce calcium excretion in urine rather than increasing it. 
In summary, low serum calcium triggers mechanisms that retain calcium, so less calcium is excreted in the urine.

When blood calcium levels are low, Blank ______ calcium is excreted in the urine.

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Blank ______ is a hormone produced by cells found in the thyroid gland that functions to lower blood calcium levels.

While the Blank system is responsible for bringing calcium into the body, the Blank system is responsible for eliminating excess calcium.

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