In which of the following situations would someone be most likely to help, instead of engaging in the bystander effect?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To determine where helping is most likely rather than experiencing the bystander effect, we need to compare how the presence of others affects intervention in each scenario.
Option 1: Marty walks into a busy gas station and sees a customer crouched on the ground, leaning against the shelf of chips. In a busy setting with many bystanders, the bystander effect is more likely to occur, and Marty may hesitate or assume someone else will help. This makes it less likely that Marty will be the one to intervene promptly.
Option 2: Matt is sitting on a bench in the park and sees a man near him grab at his chest, scream that he is in pain, and fall over. Here, there is a single bystander present who witnesses a clear medical emergency. With fewer people around, the social influence to share responsibility is weaker, and Matt is more likely to provide help quickly, making this the scenario most consistent with helping rather than bystander inaction.
Option 3: Julio is walking in a large crowd downtown and sees a man slumped on a staircase. A large crowd around can trigger the bystander effect, as each person may assume someone else will take action. The sheer number of witnesses typically reduces the likelihood that any one person intervenes promptly.
Option 4: Jacques hears a loud noise outside so he looks out his apartment window to see a small crowd forming around a man who crashed on his bicycle. Although there is a crowd, the physical separation and the fact that the observer is indoors may still lead to diffusion of responsibility among those gathered, and Jacques might not engage directly, reducing the certainty of helping compared to the single-by-stander scenario in Option 2.
In summary, among the presented situations, the park bench emergency with a lone observer (Option 2) is the scenario where an individual is most likely to step in to help rather than be influenced by the bystander effect, because fewer people share the perceived responsibility to intervene. The other scenarios involve busier settings or larger crowds, which generally increase hesitation and diffusion of responsibility.

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In which of the following situations would someone be most likely to help, instead of engaging in the bystander effect?

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