Adriana and David are fraternal twins. Adriana is exceptionally outgoing and friendly, and David is extremely shy. What would behavioural geneticists most likely attribute their personality differences to?

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Adriana and David are fraternal twins. Adriana is exceptionally outgoing and friendly, and David is extremely shy. What would behavioural geneticists most likely attribute their personality differences to?

题目解析

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

When evaluating why Adriana and David, as fraternal twins, differ in personality, we consider how genes and environment contribute to individual differences.
Option 1: 'Equal influence of environmental and inheritance factors.' While both genetics and environment play roles in personality, behavioral geneticists often emphasize that nonshared environmental factors account for why twins, even fraternal ones, diverge in traits. Saying the influences are equal would oversimplify and misstate the prevailing emphasis on environmental contribution to differences.
Option 2: 'Environmental factors.' This choice highlights the idea that differences between fraternal twins can largely arise from environmental experiences that are not shared, such as different peer groups, unique interactions, and individual life events, which behavioral geneticists recognize as substantial sources of divergence in personality.
Option 3: 'Neither environmental nor inheritance factors.' This claim rejects both major sources of variation in personality, which contradicts the core finding of behavioral genetics that both genes and environment contribute to personality, even if to varying degrees; thus it is incorrect.
Option 4: 'Inherited factors.' Although genetics influence many aspects of personality and contribute to similarities between twins, they are less likely to explain why Adriana and David differ so markedly, especially in a fraternal pair where shared genes are not identical; therefore this option undervalues the environmental contribution to differences.

Adriana and David are fraternal twins. Adriana is exceptionally outgoing and friendly, and David is extremely shy. What would behavioural geneticists most likely attribute their personality differences to? 题目解析

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