Sarah and Ishaan are in their late 20s, and both have parents who are experiencing a loss of vitality. Sarah’s mom can no longer stand up straight, and Ishaan’s mother has obesity. Sarah’s dad has developed depression, and Ishaan’s father has macular degeneration. Sarah and Ishaan have many questions about how to avoid these conditions in their future if possible. Let’s answer these questions to determine if you can help them.

Which statement accurately describes the energy requirements of older adults like Sarah’s and Ishaan’s parents?

Question

Sarah and Ishaan are in their late 20s, and both have parents who are experiencing a loss of vitality. Sarah’s mom can no longer stand up straight, and Ishaan’s mother has obesity. Sarah’s dad has developed depression, and Ishaan’s father has macular degeneration. Sarah and Ishaan have many questions about how to avoid these conditions in their future if possible. Let’s answer these questions to determine if you can help them.

Which statement accurately describes the energy requirements of older adults like Sarah’s and Ishaan’s parents?

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks about the energy requirements of older adults and which statement accurately describes them. We'll evaluate each option in turn, explaining why it is true or false based on established nutrition concepts.
Option 1: 'Because absorption of all nutrients decreases as aging occurs, it is necessary to increase calorie intake.' This is a misconception. While some nutrient absorption can be affected by aging for certain vitamins and minerals, overall caloric needs do not increase for most older adults. In fact, energy needs typically decline due to reductions in basal metabolic rate (BMR) and often lower physical activity. Therefore, increasing calorie intake universally because of aging is not supported by evidence.
Option 2: 'The recommended energy allowance decreases as we age due to lowered basal metabolic rates.' This aligns with core nutritional guidance: aging is commonly associated with a lower BMR, reduced muscle mass, and often decreased physical activity, all contributing to lower energy needs. This statement correctly captures the general trend in energy requirements for older adults.
Option 3: 'The recommended calorie intake increases until age 35 and then remains constant for the remaining years.' This is inconsistent with standard nutrition science. Calorie needs do not rise continuously up to 35 and then plateau; in many individuals, energy needs begin to decrease before or after 35 due to physiological changes and lifestyle shifts. Keeping calories constant or increasing into later years is not the typical pattern observed.
Option 4: 'The recommended calorie intake increases for men only but remains constant for women after age 35.' This is inaccurate. Energy needs vary by sex, age, body size, and activity, but the general pattern of decline with age applies to both men and women. It is incorrect to claim an increase for men only after 35.
Option 5: 'Even when nutritional meals are consumed regularly, a high-potency multivitamin-mineral supplement is highly advised to support increased energy levels.' This statement conflates micronutrient supplementation with energy needs. While some individuals may need supplements for specific deficiencies, routine high-potency multivitamin-mineral supplementation is not universally advised to boost energy, and it does not address the core issue of decreased energy requirements with age. This could be unnecessary or even risky if it leads to excessive intake of certain nutrients.
In summary, the reasoning supports that energy needs tend to decrease with age due to lower basal metabolic rate and related factors, while the other options rest on misconceptions about absorption, constant or increasing caloric needs, sex-specific trends, or unnecessary supplementation. The analysis of each choice highlights why the second statement most accurately reflects older adults’ energy requirements.

2025 Fall HHS 115 Final Exam PRACTICE QUIZ

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