Which of the following refers to when information is encoded with little or no conscious effort?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

When considering how information is encoded, a key distinction lies between processes that require deliberate mental effort and those that happen automatically.
Option 1: Automatic processing. This matches the description given in the question—information is encoded with little or no conscious effort, often without deliberate attention, such as encoding routine details like word order in familiar tasks or well-practiced skills.
Option 2: Effortful processing. This term refers to encoding that requires deliberate attention and mental effort (e.g., studying a complex concept, memorizing a phone number) and is the opposite of automatic processing, so it does not fit the description in the question.
Option 3: Depth of processing. This concept concerns how deeply information is processed (shallow vs. deep processing) and how that depth influences memory strength, not specifically the conscious effort involved in encoding. While related to encoding quality, it does not define encoding with little effort.
Option 4: Divided attention. This describes the allocation of attention across multiple tasks, which generally impairs encoding and does not characterize encoding that occurs with minimal conscious effort. It explains a condition under which encoding is reduced, not the typical automatic encoding process.
In sum, automatic processing is the label assigned to encoding that happens with minimal conscious effort, aligning precisely with the statement in the question.

Which of the following refers to when information is encoded with little or no conscious effort?

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