Which CPU component performs arithmetic and logical operations?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To evaluate the question, we need to map each CPU component to its typical role in a processor.
Option a: Decoder. A decoder interprets machine code instructions and decodes the opcode to generate control signals for the CPU. It does not perform arithmetic or logical operations itself, so this choice is incorrect for the asked function.
Option b: ALU. The Arithmetic Logic Unit is specifically responsible for carrying out arithmetic operations (like add, subtract, multiply) and logical operations (like AND, OR, NOT, XOR). This matches exactly the described role in the question, making this the correct option.
Option c: Register File. The Register File stores a set of small fast storage elements (registers) that hold operands and results during instruction execution. While it supports arithmetic operations by providing operands, the actual computation is performed by the ALU, so this option is not the component that performs the operations themselves.
Option d: Instruction Pointer. Also known as the Program Counter, this register holds the address of the next instruction to fetch. It orchestrates flow control rather than performing arithmetic or logic operations, so this choice is incorrect.
Putting it together, the only component directly performing arithmetic and logical operations is the ALU, while the other components serve supporting roles in instruction decoding, operand storage, and program sequencing.

Which CPU component performs arithmetic and logical operations?

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