What will be the effect of this program when an LED (and suitable protection resistor) is attached to pin 13:

void setup() {
  pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
  digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
  delay(500);
  digitalWrite(13, LOW);
  delay(200);
}

Question

What will be the effect of this program when an LED (and suitable protection resistor) is attached to pin 13:

void setup() {
  pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
  digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
  delay(500);
  digitalWrite(13, LOW);
  delay(200);
}

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To analyze the behavior, we first note that pin 13 is configured as OUTPUT in setup, which enables us to drive the LED directly from the Arduino pin.
Option 1: 'The LED will turn on for 0.5 seconds and then turn off for 0.2 seconds.' This captures the timing pattern of the HIGH state (0.5 seconds) followed by the LOW state (0.2 seconds), but it does not explicitly mention that this pattern repeats indefinitely. Since the loop() function runs repeatedly, this option is describing the same timing sequence that recurs, but the wording omits the ongoing repetition aspect.
Option 2: 'The LED will repeatedly go through the sequence: on for 500 seconds then off for 200 seconds.' Here the numbers are vastly different from the code. The delay values are in milliseconds (ms), so 500 seconds and 200 seconds are incorrect magnitudes for the loop timing, making this statement factually false.
Option 3: 'The LED will repeatedly go through the sequence: off for 0.5 seconds then on for 0.2 seconds.' This inverts the order of states. The code writes HIGH first (turning the LED on) and then LOW (turning it off), so the sequence cannot start with off. This option misrepresents the actual order of operations.
Option 4: 'The LED will repeatedly go through the sequence: on for 0.5 seconds then off for 0.2 seconds.' This matches the code behavior: the LED is driven HIGH for 500 ms (0.5 seconds), then driven LOW for 200 ms (0.2 seconds), and the loop repeats this pattern continuously. The phrasing explicitly acknowledges the repetition inherent in loop().
In summary, option 2 and option 3 contain clear factual or sequencing errors, option 1 is close but omits the explicit emphasis on repetition, and option 4 provides an accurate, complete description of the observed behavior given the loop structure and the 500 ms / 200 ms delays.

LC Electrical Engineering 1 - 28604 Microcontrollers Lab (Lab 2) Quiz

What will be the effect of this program when an LED (and suitable protection resistor) is attached to pin 13: void setup() { pinMode(13, OUTPUT); } void loop() { digitalWrite(13, HIGH); delay(500); digitalWrite(13, LOW); delay(200); }

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