Which of the following correctly pairs the hormone or signal with its function?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Here are the options restated and analyzed in turn to understand which hormone–function pairing is correct.

Option a: PYY 3-36 – stimulates glucose production when energy is low. This statement is misleading because PYY (peptide YY) is primarily involved in reducing appetite after meals by signaling satiety to the brain, rather than stimulating glucose production. Its main role is not to boost glucose production, and the claim about energy status and glucose production is inaccurate for PYY.

Option b: Ketone bodies - are converted from fatty acids by the pancreas when glucose is limited. This description misattributes the source and conversion of ketone bodies. Ketone bodies are produced in the liver from fatty acids (via beta-oxidation and ketogenesis) during periods of low glucose or fasting. They are not produced by the pancreas, nor are they conversion products from fatty acids directly by pancreatic action. The pancreas primarily secretes insulin, glucagon, and other enzymes, not ketone production.

Option c: Leptin – indicates fat cells are full and regulates hunger. This statement aligns with the canonical role of leptin: it is produced by adipose (fat) tissue and signals energy sufficiency to the hypothalamus. When fat stores are high, leptin levels rise and help reduce appetite and regulate energy balance. This matches the typical function described in physiology and metabolism literature.

Option d: CCK – signals the stomach is empty. This description confuses the function of cholecystokinin (CCK). CCK is released in response to dietary fat and protein in the small intestine and helps stimulate bile and pancreatic enzyme secretion and promotes a sense of fullness; it does not signal that the stomach is empty. Its primary action is in aiding digestion and satiety signaling, not reporting gastric emptying status specifically as “the stomach is empty.”

Collectively, analyzing each option shows that option c accurately pairs leptin with its true function—signaling satiety related to fat stores and helping regulate hunger—while the other options either misstate the hormone’s role or attribute incorrect physiological processes to them.

253PSYC-38A-1 FINAL EXAM 12/11 5:30 pm

Which of the following correctly pairs the hormone or signal with its function?

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