Which of the following correctly pairs the hormone or signal with its function?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To tackle this question, I’ll evaluate what each hormone or signal is generally known to do and compare it to the paired function given.
Option a: Leptin – indicates fat cells are full and regulates hunger. Leptin is a hormone produced by adipose tissue that signals satiety and reduces appetite when fat stores are sufficient. This pairing aligns with the classic function of leptin in energy balance, making it a correct match.
Option b: Ketone bodies - are converted from fatty acids by the pancreas when glucose is limited. This statement is inaccurate. Ketone bodies are produced by the liver from fatty acids during low glucose (fasting) but not converted by the pancreas; rather, they are released into the bloodstream to be used as fuel by tissues, especially the brain when glucose is scarce. The pancreas has roles in insulin and glucagon but not in converting fatty acids into ketones.
Option c: PYY 3-36 – stimulates glucose production when energy is low. Peptide YY (PYY) is released postprandially by the gut and generally acts to reduce appetite, not to stimulate glucose production. It does not primarily function to increase hepatic glucose production; that role is more associated with hormones like glucagon or cortisol. Therefore, this description of PYY 3-36 is incorrect.
Option d: CCK – signals the stomach is empty. Cholecystokinin (CCK) is released in response to fatty and protein meals in the duodenum and primarily stimulates digestion by triggering pancreatic enzyme release and gallbladder contraction; it also promotes satiety. The statement that it signals the stomach is empty is not accurate; CCK is involved in signaling the presence of chyme and promoting digestion, not signaling gastric emptiness. This makes this option incorrect.

Overall, option a is the only pairing that accurately describes the well-established function of leptin in indicating energy stores and regulating hunger, while the other options misstate the roles of ketone production, PYY’s appetite effects, and CCK’s digestive signaling.

Which of the following correctly pairs the hormone or signal with its function?

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