Which of the following references is cited correctly using APA (7th ed.) format?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Question restatement: Which of the following references is cited correctly using APA (7th ed.) format?
Option 1: 'Baillargeon Jorden, Hoge Samantha, Penn, Jessica (2010). Addressing the challenge of community reentry among released inmates with serious mental illness. Am J of Com Psychol 46(3–4):361–375'
Option 2: 'Baillargeon, J., Hoge, S., Penn, J. (2010). Addressing the challenge of community reentry among released inmates with serious mental illness. American Journal of Community Psychology 46(3–4):361–375'
Option 3: 'Baillargeon J, Hoge S., Penn, J. Addressing the challenge of community reentry among released inmates with serious mental illness. 46(3–4):361–375'
Option 4: 'Baillargeon Jorden, Hoge Samantha, Penn, Jessica. Addressing the challenge of community reentry among released inmates with serious mental illness. Am J of Com Psychol 46(3–4):361–375'

Analysis of each option:
Option 1 analysis: This version contains multiple problems. It uses incorrect author name formatting (first names included instead of initials for several authors) and inconsistent punctuation between author names. The journal title is abbreviated improperly as 'Am J of Com Psychol' and the spacing and capitalization do not align with APA conventions. Finally, the year is placed after the authors but the author initials are misordered, which makes the entry inaccurate in APA style.

Option 2 analysis: This option aligns more closely with APA (7th ed.) conventions. It uses last names with initials (Baillargeon, J.; Hoge, S.; Penn, J.), includes the year in parentheses after the author list, provides the article title with only the first word capitalized (and proper punctuation), and states the full journal title 'American Journal of Community Psychology' in title case. The volume and issue are given as '46(3–4):361–375'. This structure matches typical APA formatting for journal articles, though some minor punctuation details (such as whether to include spaces around the colon) should be consistently applied.

Option 3 analysis: This entry is missing correct punctuation and formatting. It lists 'Baillargeon J' without a comma after the surname, uses 'Hoge S., Penn, J.' with inconsistent use of periods and commas, and provides only 'Addressing the challenge...' without proper capitalization rules and with an incomplete journal name and formatting of the volume/issue. Overall, it does not reflect APA 7th ed. standards.

Option 4 analysis: This option repeats the first-name formatting errors (Baillargeon Jorden, Hoge Samantha, Penn, Jessica) and uses an abbreviated journal title 'Am J of Com Psychol' that is inconsistent with APA guidelines. The order and punctuation of author names are incorrect, and the citation as a whole does not meet APA 7th ed. expectations.

Summary of what makes option 2 the best match:
- Authors: last names with initials, separated by commas, with appropriate punctuation and order. In APA 7th ed., three authors are listed as 'Baillargeon, J., Hoge, S., Penn, J.'
- Year: placed in parentheses immediately after the author list: '(2010)'.
- Title: article title uses sentence case (only the first word and proper nouns capitalized). The given title follows this rule.
- Journal name: written in full and title case, 'American Journal of Community Psychology'.
- Volume/issue/pages: '46(3–4):361–375' is presented in the standard format for volumes, issues, and page range.

Additional notes and potential refinements:
- Some APA 7th ed. references would use an ampersand before the last author when listing all authors (e.g., 'Baillargeon, J., Hoge, S., & Penn, J. (2010)...'), but omitted ampersands are commonly tolerated depending on the specific guidelines or instructor preferences. The current option 2 avoids the ampersand and remains consistent with a common interpretation, while other options introduce more severe deviations.
- Ensure consistent punctuation and spacing (e.g., a space before and after the colon in the page range, and consistent use of periods after initials) when finalizing the citation for submission.

Conclusion for the student:
- Among the provided options, option 2 is the closest to correct APA 7th ed. formatting, with proper author initials, year placement, article title capitalization, journal title, and volume/issue/pages structure. The other options contain errors in author formatting, journal naming, capitalization, and punctuation that violate APA guidelines.

Which of the following references is cited correctly using APA (7th ed.) format?

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