Refer to the above G-AIRMET. What icing threat can you expect at the red dot?

Question

Refer to the above G-AIRMET.  What icing threat can you expect at the red dot?

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks about the icing threat depicted at the red dot on the G-AIRMET. We must evaluate each statement against typical AIRMET icing descriptions.
Option 1: 'Moderate icing. The base of the icing layer varies between the surface and 4,000 ft. The top of the icing layer extends to 14,000 ft.' This wording aligns with a moderate icing scenario where the icing layer has a variable base from the surface up to 4,000 ft AGL, and the top reaches up to 14,000 ft. In many G-AIRMETs, moderate icing is described with a layering that can extend from near the surface to a higher ceiling, indicating a substantial but not extreme icing threat. The base varies, which is typical when the layer is fed by multiple moisture sources or unstable clouds, and the top reaching 14,000 ft matches common upper limits for icing layers.
Option 2: 'Severe icing. The base of the icing layer varies between the surface and 4,000 ft. The top of the icing layer extends to 14,000 ft.' Here the same base and top values are given, but the severity descriptor is different. Severe icing implies much more intense accumulation and a higher risk to flight safety, often with visible supercooled large droplets or extremely rapid icing rates. The statement would imply a higher threat level than moderate, so if the actual METAR/G-AIRMET data describe the threat as moderate, this option would be incorrect.
Option 3: 'Freezing temperatures at the surface, but moderate icing does not begin until 4,000 ft and extends up to 14,000 ft.' This option mixes surface freezing temperatures with a delayed onset of icing starting at 4,000 ft. In many G-AIRMETs, surface freezing temperatures can accompany icing, but the claim that icing does not begin until 4,000 ft conflicts with a layer that starts at the surface or near the surface. If the data indicate icing near or from the surface, this would be inaccurate.
Option 4: 'Moderate icing from the surface to 4,000 ft. Cloud tops extend to 14,000 ft.' This describes a single-layer base exactly at the surface extending to 4,000 ft, with cloud tops up to 14,000 ft. While this could be plausible, the original statement specifies that the base of the icing layer varies between the surface and 4,000 ft, i.e., it is not fixed at exactly the surface. The variation in the base is a key nuance that makes this option less accurate than the first, which captures the variability.
In summary, you should compare the intended base variability and the vertical extent of the icing layer as described in each option. The first choice best matches a moderate icing scenario with a base that can vary from surface up to 4,000 ft and a top at 14,000 ft, consistent with typical G-AIRMET icing descriptions and the provided correct answer context.

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Refer to the above G-AIRMET. What icing threat can you expect at the red dot?

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