Weather is the ________ state of the atmosphere, while climate is the ________ state of the atmosphere.

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

In this question, we’re comparing what weather and climate refer to in atmospheric science. 
Option 0: 'current; past' suggests weather is a current state and climate is a past state. While weather is indeed about current conditions, climate is not simply the past; it’s about longer-term patterns. This pairing misrepresents the standard framing.
Option 1: 'year-to-year; millennium-to-millennium' implies climate relates to extremely long spans (millennia) and weather to year-to-year fluctuations. In practice, climate is concerned with long-term averages and variabilities over decades to centuries, not specifically millennium-scale framing, and weather is not constrained to year-to-year alone.
Option 2: 'average; average' would imply both weather and climate are simply averages, which is incorrect because weather is the actual atmospheric state at a given time, not an average. Climate, while related to averages, is defined as the long-term average and variability, not just an average by itself.
Option 3: 'day-to-day; average' correctly identifies weather as the day-to-day state of the atmosphere, capturing the fluctuating, short-term conditions we experience daily. It correctly pairs climate with the long-term average state, emphasizing that climate characterizes typical conditions over extended periods rather than any single day.
Option 4: 'average; day-to-day' reverses the intended meanings, treating weather as an average and climate as a short-term daily state, which contradicts the conventional definitions.

To solidify the understanding, remember that weather = short-term atmospheric conditions (temperature, humidity, precipitation, etc.) on any given day or hour, while climate = the statistical aggregation (typically over 30 years or more) of those conditions, describing typical patterns and trends. The incorrect options either mislabel weather as a long-term average, misdefine climate, or inverts the relationship between the two concepts.

EESC1120.01|.02 Summer 2025 Our Home Amongst the Cosmos [Kruckenberg] Week 6 Quiz

Weather is the state of the atmosphere, while climate is the state of the atmosphere.

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