The persistence of viral genomes in host cells without the destruction of the infected cell is called:

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The question asks about the persistence of viral genomes in host cells without destroying the infected cell. This describes a latent state rather than active viral production.
Option 1: Lytic infection. In lytic infections, the virus actively replicates and typically causes destruction of the host cell as new virions are released. This does not match the idea of persistence without cell destruction, so this option is incorrect.
Option 2: Latent infection. This scenario involves viral genomes persisting inside the host cell with minimal or no expression of viral genes, allowing the cell to survive and the virus to potentially reactivate later. This aligns with the concept of persistence without cell lysis, making this option correct in the context of the question.
Option 3: Chronic infection. Chronic infections feature ongoing viral replication and continuous production of virus over time, often with visible symptoms and gradual damage, which implies some ongoing cell distress or turnover. This does not fit the described persistence without cell destruction, so it is not the best choice here.
Option 4: Acute infection. Acute infections are characterized by rapid onset and quick clearance or death of the host cells due to vigorous replication, which again involves cell destruction or rapid immune response, not a persistent, non-destructive state. This option is therefore incorrect.

The persistence of viral genomes in host cells without the destruction of the infected cell is called:

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