Which of the following are examples of primary activities in the value chain model?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

First, let's restate the question and list the options to focus on what’s being asked.
Question: Which of the following are examples of primary activities in the value chain model?
Options:
 a. Research and development of a product
 b. Product advertising
 c. Product manufacturing
 d. All of these

Now, evaluate each option in turn.
Option a: Research and development of a product. This activity is typically considered a support (secondary) activity in the value chain, since R&D often underpins capabilities and efficiency but is not directly involved in the physical creation, handling, or sale of the product. Therefore, this is not a primary activity.
Option b: Product advertising. Advertising is generally categorized as a marketing or sales activity, which supports the conversion of products to customers but does not itself represent the physical transformation or movement of the product. Thus, this is also a secondary activity.
Option c: Product manufacturing. Manufacturing involves the actual transformation of inputs into the final product, a core operation that adds direct value to the product and is typically listed as a primary activity in the value chain framework (often labeled as Operations or Production). This aligns with the central purpose of primary activities. Hence, this is a primary activity.
Option d: All of these. Since both R&D and advertising are not primary activities, this option incorrectly claims that all listed activities are primary. It contradicts the established categorization of primary versus support activities.

In light of these evaluations, the option that aligns with the definition of a primary activity is the one describing the actual production process.
To summarize the reasoning in a compact way: primary activities are those directly involved in creating, delivering, and supporting the product through its lifecycle. Of the choices, only manufacturing directly fits into the production/operations category that constitutes primary value-chain activity. The other items correspond to support functions that enable but do not constitute primary value creation, so they do not meet the criterion for primary activities. The option that encapsulates this correctly is the one describing product manufacturing, while the others either describe support activities or over-generalize the classification.

Which of the following are examples of primary activities in the value chain model?

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