The ethical framework widely known as Utilitarianism can be roughly summarized by which of the following:

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The question asks us to identify the summary commonly associated with Utilitarianism.
Option 1: 'The virtue of transparency is the most important virtue.' This emphasizes a single virtue (transparency) rather than evaluating actions by consequences, which is not how utilitarianism characterizes ethics. It aligns more with virtue ethics or a deontological emphasis on traits rather than outcomes.
Option 2: 'If it isn't broken, don't fix it.' This is a pragmatic or conservative adage about maintaining the status quo and stability, not a consequentialist framework that weighs overall good. It does not capture utilitarian reasoning.
Option 3: 'Do the most good for the greatest number of people.' This statement mirrors the core utilitarian prescription: maximize overall happiness or well-being across the affected population. It directly references the greatest number and the overall good, which is central to utilitarian theory.
Option 4: 'Do the right thing, even if it is difficult.' This reflects a deontological emphasis on duty and moral rules rather than a calculation of overall good outcomes. Utilitarianism allows breaking rules if doing so increases the total good, so this option misstates the core idea.
In summary, option 3 best encapsulates Utilitarianism by focusing on producing the greatest good for the greatest number, while the other options describe different ethical approaches or misrepresent utilitarian reasoning.

The ethical framework widely known as Utilitarianism can be roughly summarized by which of the following:

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