The Waitangi Tribunal was established to

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The question asks about the purpose of the Waitangi Tribunal, so we must evaluate what each option asserts about its role.
Option a: 'a. To ensure sovereignty of the crown over Aotearoa' — This statement misrepresents the Tribunal’s purpose. The Tribunal does not have a mandate to assert or enforce Crown sovereignty; its function is focused on addressing historical grievances under the Treaty of Waitangi rather than asserting sovereignty over the land itself.
Option b: 'b. consider claims by the Crown against Maori regarding breaches of principles of the Treaty' — This reverses the actual process. The Tribunal does not primarily hear claims from the Crown against Maori; rather, it considers claims by Maori against the Crown alleging breaches of the Treaty principles.
Option c: 'c. return sovereignty to Maori over Aotearoa' — This is historically and institutionally inaccurate. The Tribunal does not have the power or mandate to transfer sovereignty or reverse the existing constitutional arrangements. It is a mechanism for addressing grievances, not sovereignty restoration.
Option d: 'd. consider claims by Maori against the Crown regarding breaches of principles of the Treaty' — This accurately reflects the role of the Waitangi Tribunal: to inquire into and consider Māori claims that the Crown breached the principles of the Treaty of Waitangi, seeking remedies and historical redress where appropriate.
Continuing with nuance, it’s important to distinguish between addressing grievances (which is central to the Tribunal’s function) and altering sovereignty or enforcing political power. The Tribunal provides findings and recommendations to the Government, which may then lead to settlements, rather than unilaterally changing constitutional status. Incorrect options either misstate the direction of claims, misrepresent the Tribunal’s authority, or attribute goals (like restoring sovereignty) that the Tribunal is not designed to pursue. By contrast, option d correctly captures the Tribunal’s focus on Maori claims against the Crown regarding Treaty breaches, which is the core purpose of its establishment.

The Waitangi Tribunal was established to

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