In the TCP/IP model, which layer splits up long messages into smaller segments (without the devices noticing), and ensures that all data arrives correctly and in the right order?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To figure out which layer handles breaking long messages into smaller pieces and ensures data arrives correctly and in order, we need to review the TCP/IP layering concepts.
Option a: Network. The Network layer (IP) is primarily responsible for addressing and routing packets between hosts, not for segmenting large messages or guaranteeing order and reliability.
Option b: Application. The Application layer deals with user-level data and protocols (like HTTP, FTP) but does not perform the segmentation or reliability mechanisms that TCP provides.
Option c: None of these options. This is incorrect because there is a layer in the TCP/IP stack that performs segmentation and reliability, so this choice does not hold.
Option d: Data link. The Data Link layer handles framing, error detection, and access on a local link, but it does not segment end-to-end messages or ensure end-to-end ordering and reliability across networks.
Option e: Transport. The Transport layer, specifically with TCP, is responsible for splitting large messages into smaller segments (segmentation) and providing reliability, ordering, and error recovery to ensure data arrives correctly and in the proper sequence across the network.
In summary, the Transport layer is the one that handles segmentation and end-to-end reliability, which matches the behavior described in the question.

MCD4700 Introduction to Computer Systems, Networks and Security - Trimester 2 - 2025

In the TCP/IP model, which layer splits up long messages into smaller segments (without the devices noticing), and ensures that all data arrives correctly and in the right order?

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