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APBIO142-030 with labs S17 - CollegeBoard* AP Exam Prep: Multiple Choice

Single choice

Molecular biologists are studying the processes of transcription and translation and have found that they are very similar in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, as summarized in Table 1. Table 1. Comparison of Selected Features of Transcription and Translation Feature of Protein Synthesis Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Transcription RNA Polymerase Present Present mRNA Synthesized Synthesized Location Cytoplasm Nucleus Translation Large Ribosomal Subunit 50S 60S Small Ribosomal Subunit 30S 40S tRNA Present Present Location Cytoplasm Cytoplasm Based on the information in Table 1, which of the following best predicts a key difference in prokaryotes and eukaryotes with regard to transcription and translation?

Options
A.Prokaryotic mRNA is shorter than eukaryotic mRNA.
B.The processing of mRNA by eukaryotes is required for the mRNA to leave the nucleus.
C.The two processes will occur simultaneously in prokaryotes but not eukaryotes.
D.Eukaryotic mRNA contains more coding regions than prokaryotic DNA.
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The question asks us to predict a key difference in how transcription and translation relate in prokaryotes versus eukaryotes based on Table 1. Option 1: 'Prokaryotic mRNA is shorter than eukaryotic mRNA.' There is no information in the table about mRNA length, and in fact, mRNA length is not a defining feature used to distinguish transcription-translation coupling; this choice introduces an attribute (length) that isn’t supported by the data. Option 2: 'The ......Login to view full explanation

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