Temperament is ____________.

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Question: Temperament is ____________. Options: [A] A set of traits that organize how someone approaches the world, [B] Stable over time, [C] At least somewhat heritable, [D] Predictive of numerous life outcomes, [E] All of the above

Option A: A set of traits that organize how someone approaches the world. This aligns with the core idea of temperament as a framework describing consistent patterns of behavior, mood, and approach to new situations. It captures the organizing role temperament plays in guiding perception and response to the world.

Option B: Stable over time. Temperament is typically described as relatively stable across development, serving as a baseline or tendency that persists across different contexts and ages. While there can be change due to environment and experience, the foundational patterns tend to endure.

Option C: At least somewhat heritable. A substantial portion of temperament is heritable, reflecting genetic influences on traits like reactivity, sociability, and energy level. Twin and family studies commonly show genetic contributions to these temperament dimensions.

Option D: Predictive of numerous life outcomes. Temperament has been linked to a range of downstream outcomes, including educational achievement, interpersonal relationships, and health-related behaviors, making it predictive of various life trajectories.

Option E: All of the above. Since each of the statements A through D accurately describes aspects of temperament, the umbrella claim that temperament is all of the above is consistent with the literature on temperament theory and research.

In summary, each of A, B, C, and D reflects a valid facet of temperament, and their combination logically supports the conclusion expressed in E. The reasoning here emphasizes how temperament is an organizing, relatively stable, heritable factor that can influence a wide array of life outcomes, which is why the collective option is considered true.

PSC 154 001 FQ 2025 Final Quiz #2

Temperament is ____________.

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