Jonah is always a little anxious. He tends to get intensely anxious when he encounters stressors. Jonah’s anxiety often gets him into tough situations, which themselves become stressful. Jonah’s temperament could be described as ____________.

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The question presents Jonah as someone who is habitually anxious and whose anxiety escalates under stress, creating a cycle where stressors lead to more stress.
Option A: Dispositionally positive. This would imply a generally cheerful and upbeat temperament regardless of context, which contradicts the description of frequent and intense anxiety. So this is not a good fit.
Option B: Dispositionally negative. This matches the idea of a generally negative or anxious temperament that is present across situations, aligning with the word 'tends to get intensely anxious' as a trait rather than only in specific circumstances.
Option C: Situationally positive. This would suggest positive responses to situations, which is opposite to the reported pattern of anxiety and stress amplification, making this choice incorrect.
Option D: Situationally negative. This captures the idea that stressors provoke heightened anxiety in Jonah, producing negative reactions that occur in response to stressors, which fits the scenario described.
Option E: B and D. Since both B (Dispositionally negative) and D (Situationally negative) correctly describe different aspects of Jonah’s temperament as given in the stem, selecting both captures the full pattern described: a generally anxious disposition that particularly worsens in stressful situations.
In summary, the stem indicates a temperament that is both trait-like (dispositionally negative) and context-dependent (situationally negative under stress), so the combined option B and D best reflects the described pattern.

PSC 154 001 FQ 2025 Final Quiz #2

Jonah is always a little anxious. He tends to get intensely anxious when he encounters stressors. Jonah’s anxiety often gets him into tough situations, which themselves become stressful. Jonah’s temperament could be described as ____________.

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