Cohen (1981) conducted a study where participants were shown a videotape of a woman, whom they were told worked either as a waitress at a coffee shop or a librarian. then participants were asked to recall features of the video. What did the results of this study show?

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The question asks about Cohen (1981) and a videotape scenario where participants were told the woman worked as either a waitress or a librarian, and then asked to recall features of the video. This setup is designed to examine how stereotypes can color perception and memory.
Option 1: 'That people are better at remembering human features than background features.' While people might attend to certain salient aspects, Cohen's study specifically demonstrates how social information (stereotypes about occupation) can bias recall, not a general claim about foreground versus background feature memory. This option misstates the mechanism by focusing on feature type rather than attributional bias.
Option 2: 'That stereotypes influence the way we perceive and recall information.' This aligns with the core finding from Cohen's work: the occupation label shifted participants’ expectations and altered which details they remembered, illustrating how stereotypes shape both perception and memory encoding and retrieval. The reasoning here highlights the cognitive bias introduced by social schemata.
Option 3: 'That people tend to recall negative features more frequently than positive features.' This describes a negativity bias or a valence effect, but Cohen’s study emphasizes stereotype-driven distortion rather than a general preference for negative details. It does not capture the core mechanism demonstrated in the videotape task.
Option 4: 'That background features are generally more memorable than foreground features.' This claim contradicts the idea that stereotypes guided attention and memory toward features that fit the stereotype, and it is not what Cohen reported. It wrongly asserts a default memorability of background details unrelated to social expectations.
In summary, the experiment centers on how preconceptions about a person’s occupation (a stereotype) can shape both what is perceived and what is later recalled, making option 2 the most accurate reflection of the findings.

Cohen (1981) conducted a study where participants were shown a videotape of a woman, whom they were told worked either as a waitress at a coffee shop or a librarian. then participants were asked to recall features of the video. What did the results of this study show?

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Cohen (1981) conducted a study where participants were shown a videotape of a woman, whom they were told worked either as a waitress at a coffee shop or a librarian. then participants were asked to recall features of the video. What did the results of this study show?

View Explanation

Log in for full answers

Similar Questions

Duncan (1976) conducted a study in which participants witnessed an ambiguous shove between two confederates varying in race (Caucasian vs. African American). He found that:

Stereotypes are reinforced by all of the following EXCEPT

A key difference between a stereotype and a generalisation is that stereotypes:

Stereotypes are described as “cognitive shortcuts.” This means that stereotypes:

The idea that "Asians are good at maths" is an example of-------------?

Inaccurate generalizations on which prejudice is based are called discrimination.

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________, consideration in terms of fixed and inflexible categories, often involves the psychological mechanism of ________, directing hostility or anger toward objects that are not really the source of those feelings.

More Practical Tools for Students Powered by AI Study Helper

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, consideration in terms of fixed and inflexible categories, often involves the psychological mechanism of , directing hostility or anger toward objects that are not really the source of those feelings.