What does this experimental result tell you about iPS cells compared to ES cells?

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Question restatement: The prompt asks, 'What does this experimental result tell you about iPS cells compared to ES cells?' and provides five answer choices.
Option 1: none of the above. This is a catch-all that would be correct only if none of the subsequent statements accurately describe the experimental results. Without evaluating the other options, we cannot assume this is true. It requires verification against the data presented.
Option 2: iPS cells hit the Hayflick limit and slower doubling times compared to ES cells. The Hayflick limit refers to the finite number of cell divisions before senescence. If the experiment showed iPS cells do reach this limit earlier or have slower doubling times, this option would be supported. However, the provided answer key indicates this is not the case, and the comparison to ES cells would need explicit data showing shorter proliferative capacity and slower growth for iPS cells, which seems inconsistent with typical reprogramming outcomes.
Option 3: iPS cells hit the Hayflick limit and have similar doubling time to ES cells. This would imply iPS cells do senesce and stop dividing at the Hayflick limit with a doubling time comparable to ES cells. If the result demonstrated senescence in iPS lines while ES lines remain robust, this could be plausible. Yet, the given correct-looking option suggests this is not what was observed in the experiment.
Option 4: iPS cells don’t hit the Hayflick limit and have similar doubling times compared to ES cells. This statement asserts that iPS cells maintain proliferative capacity beyond the Hayflick limit (i.e., unlimited or extended divisions) and that their growth rate, as indicated by doubling time, is similar to ES cells. If the experimental result showed iPS cells behave like embryonic stem cells in both replicative potential and growth rate, this would align with many reprogramming studies where iPS cells acquire ES-like properties, including sustained proliferation and maintenance of telomere length.
Option 5: iPS cells don’t hit the Hayflick limit and have slower doubling times compared to ES cells. This would indicate iPS cells proliferate more slowly and do not undergo senescence within the observed timeframe, yet their doubling time is longer (slower) than ES cells. If the data demonstrated slower growth for iPS cells relative to ES cells, this option would be supported; however, this is generally less consistent with iPS cells adopting ES-like vigor.
Synthesis across options: The core comparison centers on two axes: (a) whether iPS cells reach the Hayflick limit (senescence) or not, and (b) how their doubling time compares to ES cells. Among the options, only one combines both no Hayflick limit and similar doubling times, which would describe iPS cells as maintaining high proliferative capacity similar to ES cells. This aligns with the typical interpretation of iPS cells adopting ES-like characteristics after reprogramming. The remaining options either claim iPS cells senesce (Hayflick limit) or claim divergent doubling times (slower or similar, depending on the claim) that would contradict an ES-like proliferative profile.
Note on option wording and subtlety: When evaluating such questions, it’s important to separate the concepts of senescence (Hayflick limit) from proliferation rate (doubling time). A result showing iPS cells do not hit the Hayflick limit and have similar doubling times to ES cells most consistently matches an ES-like, highly proliferative phenotype. The other options either assert senescence in iPS cells or assign inconsistent growth patterns to iPS cells relative to ES cells, which would be less likely if iPS cells truly mirror ES cell properties after reprogramming.
In summary, the line of reasoning points toward option 4 as the statement that best fits an ES-like proliferative profile for iPS cells, whereas the other choices introduce senescence or mismatched growth rates that would not align with ES-like behavior. Remember to weigh whether the experimental data explicitly show senescence, and compare doubling times to ES cells to determine the most accurate interpretation.

BIOL5543.16559.202610 Exam 1

What does this experimental result tell you about iPS cells compared to ES cells?

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