The Affiliation Tendency includes all of the following except for:

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Question restatement: The Affiliation Tendency includes all of the following except for: 
Options: Mere Proximity; Extended Proximity; Notion of Cooperation; Reciprocity Effect
Option 1 – Mere Proximity: This concept typically relates to the idea that physical closeness increases the likelihood of affiliation or interaction, which is often considered a foundational trigger in affiliation tendencies. It is reasonable to include proximity as a factor that promotes affiliation, so this option would be consistent with affiliation-related concepts.
Option 2 – Extended Proximity: Expanding beyond immediate distance, extended proximity can still facilitate interaction or sense of affiliation, especially in settings where networks or communities span larger spatial or social distances. This seems aligned with how affiliation can emerge across a broader reach, so it would be included.
Option 3 – Notion of Cooperation: A notion of cooperation emphasizes collaborative behavior for mutual benefit. While cooperation can be related to social bonds, the phrase "Notion of Cooperation" does not directly map onto a specific affiliality mechanism like proximity-based attraction or reciprocity, and it may be more about a cognitive or normative stance rather than a tendency that drives affiliation in the same way. This makes it a plausible candidate for the exception.
Option 4 – Reciprocity Effect: Reciprocity, the mutual exchange of benefits or responses, is a classic driver of social bonding and affiliation. It directly supports the maintenance and strengthening of relationships, so it would be included in the Affiliation Tendency.
Putting this together, options 1, 2, and 4 describe mechanisms or conditions that typically promote affiliation through proximity or reciprocal social dynamics, whereas option 3 (Notion of Cooperation) is more of a general principle or attitude rather than a specific mechanism of affiliation tendency. Therefore, Notion of Cooperation stands out as the exception among the listed items.

01:377:140:M6 FNDATIONS KINSIOLGY Foundations of Kinesiology and Health Final Exam

The Affiliation Tendency includes all of the following except for:

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