Descriptive norms and injunctive norms must always be aligned, and not differ from each other.

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Question restatement: Descriptive norms and injunctive norms must always be aligned, and not differ from each other.

Option 1: True
- This statement asserts that descriptive norms (what people actually do) and injunctive norms (what people believe should be done) are always in agreement. In reality, these two types of norms can diverge. People may engage in behavior that is common (descriptive norm) even if they think it should be avoided (injunctive norm), or they may approve of a behavior (injunctive) but not frequently engage in it (low descriptive norm). Such misalignment is well documented in social norms research and is a reason why campaigns sometimes aim to correct false descriptive norms when they clash with injunctive expectations.
- Therefore, the claim that they must always be aligned is incorrect.

Option 2: False
- This option correctly states that there is not an obligation for descriptive and injunctive norms to align. The two norms capture different facets of social expectations: one about actual behavior prevalence, the other about perceived or moral-approved behavior. Divergence can occur due to social desirability, perception gaps, or influence of other factors like enforcement or attitudes.
- The incorrectness of the True option stems from overlooking cases of misalignment, such as prevalent practices that are frowned upon or strongly approved behaviors that are rarely performed.

Summary perspective: The core idea is that descriptive and injunctive norms are related but not obligatorily congruent, allowing for scenarios where what people do differs from what they think should be done. This makes True incorrect and False the correct selection for the statement as posed.

AS.280.355.01.FA25 Week 6 - Quiz

Descriptive norms and injunctive norms must always be aligned, and not differ from each other.

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