Which of these chromosomes are sister chromatids?

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To determine which chromosomes are sister chromatids, I’ll compare the structural features shown for each chromosome pair in the diagram and relate them to what sister chromatids are.
Option A and E: The claim is that A and E are the same size and have three bands of the same color in the same locations, even though E is shorter. If A and E are indeed identical in band pattern and chromosomal size up to the visible segments, this pattern is characteristic of sister chromatids, which are duplicate copies of the same chromosome held together. The identical banding pattern (same colors in the same locations) supports they are genetically identical copies, consistent with sister chromatids.
Option B and C: This option states they are the same size with one gene in the same location and a second gene in different locations. If they share only one gene position identical and differ at another, that indicates partial similarity but not the complete identical duplication seen in sister chromatids. Sister chromatids should mirror each other across all detectable markers, not just a subset.
Option A and E (as a separate comparison): This restates the claim that A and E have the same size and three bands of the same colors in the same locations. While this supports a high level of similarity, the crucial element for sister chromatids is that both copies are identical in their banding pattern and size, which is what this option asserts, reinforcing its plausibility as the correct pair.
Option B and D: The description says they are different sizes and have different genes in different locations. This indicates they are distinct chromosomes rather than identical copies, which is not consistent with sister chromatids that arise as replicated copies of the same chromosome.
Across all options, the key misconception to avoid is treating partial similarities as enough for sister chromatids. Sister chromatids must match in size and in the entire arrangement of identifiable bands/markers, not just in one or two features. In summary, only the A and E pairing, described as same size with a matching three-band pattern in the same locations, aligns with the defining property of sister chromatids, whereas the other pairings describe non-identical chromosomes or incomplete likenesses.

BIOL 1001 (090-095) Unit 1.2 Learning Quiz - cell growth and cancer

Which of these chromosomes are sister chromatids?

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