According to Rogers, anxiety is the direct result of

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To approach this question, I’ll evaluate what Rogers’ theory (person-centered therapy) ties to anxiety and self-concept, and then apply that to each option.
Option 1: 'distorting one's experiences.' While distortion can occur in some theories of personality, Rogers emphasizes congruence between self-concept and experience rather than distortion as the primary source of anxiety. Distortion is more closely linked to other theoretical frameworks (e.g., certain psychodynamic or cognitive-behavioral ideas) than to Rogers’ core concepts. This option is therefore not the best fit for Rogers’ view on anxiety.
Option 2: 'conditions of worth.' Conditions of worth are a concept in Rogers’ theory representing external standards that diminish unconditional positive regard and can lead to incongruence. While related to anxiety, Rogers emphasizes that anxiety arises from incongruence between the self-concept and experience, which can be intensified by conditions of worth, but this option describes a contributing mechanism rather than the direct source Rogers identifies. So it’s related but not the direct source.
Option 3: 'experiences that do not fit with one's self-concept.' This aligns with Rogers’ key idea: anxiety is the result of incongruence between one’s experience and one’s self-concept. When experiences threaten or don’t align with how a person sees themselves, anxiety arises because the self-structure isn’t matching reality. This is the core statement Rogers makes about anxiety.
Option 4: 'failure.' While failure can be distressing and relate to internal experiences, Rogers focuses on the mismatch between experience and self-concept rather than the label of failure itself. This seems too vague and does not capture the specific mechanism Rogers attributes to anxiety.
Option 5: 'positive regard.' Positive regard, especially conditional positive regard, can influence self-concept and congruence, but anxiety per Rogers stems from incongruence, not from positive regard itself. Positive regard interacts with self-structure but is not described as the direct cause of anxiety in his theory.
Overall, the most accurate option reflects Rogers’ central claim that anxiety stems from experiences that clash with the self-concept, i.e., incongruence between experience and self-structure. The remaining options describe related ideas or mechanisms, but do not pinpoint the direct source Rogers identifies as producing anxiety.

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According to Rogers, anxiety is the direct result of

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