In a psychological study, it is aimed to investigate the mental health of foreign university students in Hungary. Which of the following examples best describes the relationship between population and sampling frame?

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The core idea here is to distinguish between the overall group you want to study (the population) and the accessible list from which you actually select participants (the sampling frame).
Option 1 states: 'The sampling frame is the entire population in Hungary, and the population is all university students in Hungary.' This reverses the relationship and also broadens the population to all university students, which is not the focus when studying foreign university students in Hungary. It confuses the target group with a broader category.
Option 2 says: 'The samplig frame is all foreign university students in Hungary, and the population is all foreign university students in Budapest.' Here the population is restricted to Budapest, which is a subset of Hungary, but the sampling frame is described as all foreign students in Hungary, which would exceed the population definition and also misalign the geographic scope.
Option 3 asserts: 'The population is all residents in Hungary, and the sampling frame is all foreign residents in Hungary.' This expands the population to include all residents, not specifically foreign university students, and thus misidentifies the study group. It uses a broader population than intended and a frame that does not align with the target.
Option 4 reads: 'The population is all foreign university students in Hungary, and the sampling frame is all foreign students at ELTE.' This matches the intended study group (foreign university students in Hungary) and describes a sampling frame that is a specific, accessible subset of that population (foreign students at ELTE), which is appropriate if ELTE is the institution where data collection occurs. The sampling frame should be a practical list from which the sample is drawn and must be contained within the population.
In summary, the reasoning across the options highlights that a correct relationship requires the sampling frame to be a defined, accessible subset of the population of interest. The first three options either misdefine the population, misstate the frame, or both, while option 4 correctly aligns the population with foreign university students in Hungary and the sampling frame with foreign students at a specific institution (ELTE).

2025/26/1 PSYB19-104 1 - Basics of Research Methods Exam (16 December, 11:00)

In a psychological study, it is aimed to investigate the mental health of foreign university students in Hungary. Which of the following examples best describes the relationship between population and sampling frame?

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