A neuron that is resting is considered to be____.

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Question restatement: A neuron that is resting is considered to be____.

Option 1: polarized
- Why this is correct: In neuroscience, a resting neuron has a membrane potential where the inside of the cell is negatively charged relative to the outside. This state is described as polarized, typically around -70 millivolts, due to the distribution of ions across the membrane and the selective permeability of the membrane.

Option 2: depolarized
- Why this is incorrect: Depolarization refers to a change from the resting membrane potential toward zero, where the inside becomes less negative (or even positive) relative to the outside. This occurs during the initiation and propagation of an action potential, not when the neuron is at rest.

Option 3: repolarized
- Why this is incorrect: Repolarization occurs after an action potential when the membrane potential returns from the peak of depolarization back toward the resting potential. It describes a post-action-potential process, not the resting state.

Additional context: The resting state is characterized by a stable, negative interior relative to the exterior and by the maintenance of ion gradients (e.g., Na+, K+, Cl−) across the membrane, which underpins the neuron’s ability to fire later when stimulated. Misconceptions often involve confusing depolarization or repolarization with the resting condition, but both are transient states during signaling rather than the baseline resting state.

SMC 2025 Spr - BIOL 3 (1286,1288) - Fundamentals of Biology (G) Quiz 13 HB1 (Nervous, Endo, Circ & Resp)

A neuron that is resting is considered to be____.

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