The fact that inside of a resting neuron is more negative than the environment surrounding the neuron is primarily the result of the presence of ____________ inside the neuron.

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The resting membrane potential arises from the differential distribution of ions and the presence of impermeant anions inside the cell.
Option 1: proteins. Inside the neuron there are many negatively charged protein molecules (and other anions) that cannot cross the membrane, contributing a net negative charge inside the cell and helping establish the resting potential. This is a core reason the intracellular environment is more negative than the outside.
Option 2: potassium ions. While K+ is a key ion in establishing the resting potential due to its movement through leak channels, the internal negative charge is not primarily caused by K+; rather, the outward leak of K+ and the membrane permeability to K+ help set the potential, but they do not explain why the inside is negatively charged in comparison to the outside by themselves.
Option 3: chloride ions. Chloride is typically more concentrated outside the neuron under resting conditions, and its movement tends to oppose the inside-negative state; it is not the primary source of the inside-negative charge.
Option 4: sodium ions. Na+ is more concentrated outside the cell, and while it contributes to the electrochemical gradient, the intracellular negativity at rest is not mainly due to the presence of Na+ inside; in fact, there are relatively few Na+ ions inside at rest compared to outside, so this option does not account for the resting potential as effectively as the intracellular proteins do.

PSYC-2010-003 (Spring 2025) Quiz 3 (Biology and Behavior)

The fact that inside of a resting neuron is more negative than the environment surrounding the neuron is primarily the result of the presence of ____________ inside the neuron.

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