When employees consistently underreport their stress levels in a workplace survey to appear more capable, this represents:

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In this question, we’re evaluating what it means when employees consistently underreport their stress levels in a workplace survey to appear more capable.
Option 1: Social desirability bias in their responses. This describes respondents adjusting answers to present themselves in a favorable light, which aligns with the behavior of underreporting stress to seem capable. The reasoning is that individuals may fear negative judgments or professional repercussions, so they provide answers they think are more socially acceptable.
Option 2: Sampling bias in selection. Sampling bias occurs when the sample is not representative of the population, leading to distorted results. However, underreporting stress by individuals is not about who was chosen to participate but about how those participants respond, so this option doesn’t capture the behavioral motivation described.
Option 3: Random error in measurement. Random error refers to unpredictable fluctuations that arise by chance in data collection. Underreporting stress consistently across respondents is not random; it reflects a systematic tendency to respond in a particular way, so this option mischaracterizes the pattern as random.
Option 4: Systematic sampling error. Systematic sampling error would imply a flaw in the sampling process that consistently biases the sample, such as repeatedly selecting a non-representative subgroup. The behavior described is about respondents’ answers, not about how the sample was drawn, so this is not an accurate description of the phenomenon.

SOC150H1 S LEC0101/2001 Week 4 Quiz: Sampling/Concepts/Measurement

When employees consistently underreport their stress levels in a workplace survey to appear more capable, this represents:

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