Crosses between female horses and male donkeys produce mules. Gene flow between the gene pools of horses and donkeys is prevented by

I. hybrid sterility.
II. a pre-zygotic isolating mechanism.
III. a post-zygotic isolating mechanism.

Question

Crosses between female horses and male donkeys produce mules. Gene flow between the gene pools of horses and donkeys is prevented by

I. hybrid sterility.
II. a pre-zygotic isolating mechanism.
III. a post-zygotic isolating mechanism.

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To analyze the question, I will break down what each statement implies about barriers to gene flow between horses and donkeys.
Option 1: I and II. If this were true, both hybrid sterility and a pre-zygotic isolating mechanism would prevent gene flow. While pre-zygotic barriers can stop mating or fertilization, in the real-world pairing of a female horse and a male donkey, fertilization can occur to produce a mule, so a pre-zygotic barrier is not the primary driver here. This makes this option questionable.
Option 2: II only. This suggests that only a pre-zygotic barrier prevents gene flow. Since mules are produced and the mating can occur, a pre-zygotic barrier does not fully explain the isolation between the gene pools. Therefore, this choice does not fit the biological reality.
Option 3: III only. A post-zygotic barrier would explain reduced or absent gene flow due to issues arising after fertilization. However, while post-zygotic barriers are important, the question specifically involves crosses that do occur but produce sterile offspring, which is a hallmark of hybrid sterility rather than an inability to form hybrids.
Option 4: I and III. Here, hybrid sterility (I) directly prevents gene flow by making the hybrids sterile, and post-zygotic effects (III) reinforce this barrier by ensuring that even if hybrids are produced, they cannot contribute to future generations. This combination accurately captures how gene flow between horse and donkey gene pools is prevented.
In summary, pre-zygotic barriers (II) are not the sole or primary reason for the genetic separation in this case because mating and hybrid formation do occur in horses and donkeys, yielding sterile offspring. The most accurate depiction involves both hybrid sterility (I) and post-zygotic barriers (III), which together block gene flow between the two species. Thus, the correct choice is the option that lists I and III together.

BIOL 1009 (001-006/050-055) Final Exam

Crosses between female horses and male donkeys produce mules. Gene flow between the gene pools of horses and donkeys is prevented by I. hybrid sterility. II. a pre-zygotic isolating mechanism. III. a post-zygotic isolating mechanism.

View Explanation

Log in for full answers

Similar Questions

Differences of bird songs between two closely related species of meadowlarks represent a mechanism for

Two species of a plant cannot interbreed, because their flowers differ in size and shape and require pollination by different species of bee. This is a/an ___ isolating mechanism.

Two species of a plant cannot interbreed, because their flowers differ in size and shape and require pollination by different species of bee. This is a/an ___ reproductive barrier.

Prezygotic isolating mechanisms are typically more common than postzygotic mechanisms. One explanation is that prezygotic mechanisms are less costly in terms of and , and so natural selection has favored them.

Although they both prevent successful interbreeding among members of different species, isolating mechanisms prevent the formation of a zygote, whereas isolating mechanisms prevent successful reproduction of a hybrid after successful fertilization has occurred.

Reproductive isolating mechanisms fall into two main categories: isolating mechanisms and isolating mechanisms.

In some cases, species are defined by the ability of members to interbreed or the extent of isolation.

Mechanisms that prevent genetic exchange between members of different species and often play a role in plant and animal speciation are termed reproductive mechanisms.

More Practical Tools for Students Powered by AI Study Helper

Homework AI Solver

Stylized AI Paper Writer

Plagiarism Checker Assistant

Citation AI Academic Writing Tool

In-Class Translation Assistant

AI Note Generator

AI Quiz Answers

Past Exam Questions from University Test Bank

Smart Practice Assistant

Adaptive Practice

Making Your Study Simpler