In the "Target" analogy for reliability and validity, a pattern of shots that are tightly clustered together but far away from the bullseye is:

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Question restatement: In the 'Target' analogy for reliability and validity, a pattern of shots that are tightly clustered together but far away from the bullseye is described. Answer choices: 1) Neither Reliable nor Valid, 2) Reliable but not Valid, 3) Valid but not Reliable, 4) Both Reliable and Valid.

Option 1: Neither Reliable nor Valid. This would be the case if shots were scattered and neither consistent nor aimed at the target. Since the description specifies a tight cluster, this option is incorrect because it ignores the reliability aspect evident in the pattern.

Option 2: Reliable but not Valid. A tight cluster indicates high reliability (consistency) because the measurements are repeatable and stable across trials. However, because the cluster is far from the bullseye, it fails to measure what it intends to measure—validity is lacking. This matches the classic reliability-vs-validity distinction: stable results that are centered away from the target are reliable but not valid.

Option 3: Valid but not Reliable. Valid but not reliable would require accurate average placement with results that are inconsistent across trials. The described pattern is the opposite: consistency is present (reliable), but accuracy is missing (not valid). Therefore, this option is incorrect.

Option 4: Both Reliable and Valid. This would require a tight cluster directly at the bullseye, indicating both high reliability and high validity. The given scenario explicitly states the cluster is far from the bullseye, so this option is incorrect.

Summary: The description corresponds to a pattern that is consistent (reliable) yet inaccurate (not valid). The correct conceptual takeaway is that reliability does not imply validity; you can have reliable measurements that are not valid.

KNHES 4525 AU2025 (11047) Exam 2

In the "Target" analogy for reliability and validity, a pattern of shots that are tightly clustered together but far away from the bullseye is:

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KNHES 4525 AU2025 (11047) Exam 2

In the "Target" analogy for reliability and validity, a pattern of shots that are tightly clustered together but far away from the bullseye is:

View Explanation

Log in for full answers

Similar Questions

Question at position 7 If an intelligence test produces the same score over multiple administrations but it doesn't accurately measure intelligence, then the test is ________ but not ________.valid; representativereliable; validconvergent; divergentvalid; reliabledivergent; convergent

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