One of the key drivers of African integration is:

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In addressing the question about a key driver of African integration, I will evaluate each option in turn to see why it may or may not be fundamental.
Option 1: 'The quality of leadership of the African Union' — While leadership quality can influence progress, this statement overstates its role as the sole or primary driver of integration. Integration depends on multiple structural factors, institutions, and collective will, not just leadership quality at a single organization.
Option 2: 'The consensus among various actors that integration is critical for Africa’s development' — This option points to a broad, shared recognition among diverse stakeholders (governments, regional bodies, civil society, and international partners) that integration is essential for development. Such consensus can mobilize resources, harmonize policies, and sustain long-term integration efforts, making it a pivotal driver.
Option 3: 'Globalization' — Globalization creates both opportunities and pressures that can influence regional integration, but it is not the unique or core driver within Africa’s own regional projects. It acts more as a backdrop rather than the primary internal motive for regional blocs.
Option 4: 'The large number of RECs that have mushroomed in the African continent' — The existence of many regional economic communities (RECs) can complicate coordination and may hinder cohesive integration in practice. Rather than driving integration, fragmentation among RECs is often cited as a challenge to deeper continental integration.
Overall, the strongest argument for a key driver is the widespread consensus among diverse actors that integration is critical for development, because that shared view helps align efforts, policy harmonization, and resource mobilization across the continent. The other options, while related to governance, external forces, or organizational structure, do not capture the central motivational force as clearly or are more reflective of impediments than drivers. This nuanced view helps distinguish the stabilizing influence of broad consensus from the more situational or problematic aspects implied by the remaining choices.

[25SP] AFR 110N, Sec 2: Introduction to Contemporary Africa (UP, Abrokwaa) Lesson 12 Quiz

One of the key drivers of African integration is:

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