except_the_first

Question

except_the_first <- model[-1]

The above code creates a vector (named except_the_first) consisted of model names except the first model name in the model vector (i.e., a vector consisting of values in all positions except the first position in model vector).

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The statement in the question concerns what the R expression except_the_first <- model[-1] does. 
Option 1: True. The subsetting notation model[-1] in R returns the vector consisting of all elements of model except the element at position 1, effectively dropping the first item. Hence, except_the_first will be a vector of model names starting from the second element onward. This aligns with how negative indices operate in R: they exclude the specified positions. 
Option 2: False. This would be the correct choice only if the expression did something other than removing the first element, such as selecting only the first element or creating a copy without modification. However, due to the negative index -1, the operation excludes the first element, not include or alter other positions in a different manner. 
Additional clarification: In R, positive indices select elements by position, while negative indices remove those positions from the result. Since -1 targets the first element for exclusion, the resulting vector omits the first entry and preserves all subsequent ones. 
Therefore, the reasoning supports that the statement accurately describes the code’s behavior, while the alternative would misstate the effect of the negative index in subsetting.

COMM_V 205 101 102 103 2025W1 R Review Quiz

except_the_first <- model[-1] The above code creates a vector (named except_the_first) consisted of model names except the first model name in the model vector (i.e., a vector consisting of values in all positions except the first position in model vector).

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