Which of the following is NOT a major bias in ecological research:

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Let's break down the statement and examine each option in context of common biases in ecological research.
Option a: 'Some groups like plants and vertebrates are studied more than invertebrates;' This reflects taxonomic or taxonomic-group bias, where certain taxa (like plants and vertebrates) dominate research attention due to ease of study, funding, or perceived importance. It is widely recognized as a major bias because it skews our understanding of ecosystems by underrepresenting invertebrates and other less-studied groups.
Option b: 'Publication bias towards negative results;' In practice, the classic and well-documented publication bias tends to favor positive or significant findings rather than negative or non-significant ones. Therefore, a bias toward negative results would be contrary to the typical publication landscape, making this statement not align with the standard major biases observed in ecological research.
Option c: 'More results are published in from the northern hemisphere ;' This describes geographic bias, where research is disproportionately conducted or published in the northern hemisphere, leading to a skewed global perspective and underrepresentation of Southern Hemisphere ecosystems. This is considered a major bias due to its impact on generalizability.
Option d: 'Publication bias towards positive results;' This is a classic and widely cited major bias, as studies with positive or significant findings are more likely to see publication, shaping the literature disproportionately toward these results.
In summary, each of options a, c, and d identifies a well-established major bias in ecological research, whereas option b suggests a publication pattern (bias toward negative results) that does not reflect the common, observed publication bias. Therefore, option b represents the statement that is NOT a major bias in ecological research.

BIOL2306_1A_2025 Quiz 1 15092025

Which of the following is NOT a major bias in ecological research:

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