Which type of cryptography uses two different keys for encryption and decryption?

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks: Which type of cryptography uses two different keys for encryption and decryption?

Since no answer options were provided in the input, I will reason using the standard distinctions between common cryptography types.

- Symmetric (or secret-key) cryptography uses a single shared key for both encryption and decryption. If someone has the key, they can both encrypt and decrypt messages, which means key distribution and guarding the key are central concerns. This approach does not involve two different keys.

- Asymmetric (or public-key) cryptography uses two mathematically related keys: a public key and a private key. Messages encrypted with the public key can only be decrypted with the corresponding private key, and messages signed with the private key can be verified with the public key. This is the canonical example of using two different keys for encryption and decryption.

- A potential confusion might arise with terms like "public-key cryptography" versus "asymmetric cryptography." In practice, these describe the same family of schemes, where two keys are used, typically one public and one private.

Given the standard definitions, the statement that uses two different keys for encryption and decryption corresponds to asymmetric cryptography, where encryption and decryption operate with two distinct keys rather than a single shared key.

If a student were to encounter a distractor like "symmetric cryptography" or "secret-key cryptography," those would be incorrect because they rely on a single key for both operations, not two different keys.

Additionally, be mindful of edge cases such as hybrid systems, which still rely on asymmetric keys for key exchange and symmetric keys for bulk data encryption, but the question specifically asks about the type that uses two different keys for encryption and decryption, which remains asymmetric cryptography at the conceptual level.

Which type of cryptography uses two different keys for encryption and decryption?

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