A primary cause of disagreement between Freud and Jung's views on personality was:

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Question restated: A primary cause of disagreement between Freud and Jung's views on personality was:

Option 1: 'Freud's emphasis on the unconscious' - This captures a core aspect of Freud's theory, but the question asks for the primary cause of their disagreement. While Jung did engage with the unconscious, his major divergence lay in how he expanded and reinterpreted unconscious content (e.g., collective unconscious) and added spiritual/mythological dimensions. Therefore, this option highlights Freud's view rather than the distinctive source of their disagreement, making it an incomplete or partially accurate statement rather than the primary cause.

Option 2: 'Jung's emphasis on libido as sexual energy' - This is a mischaracterization. Freud indeed described libido as a sexual energy driving behavior. Jung did not place emphasis on libido as strictly sexual energy; he redefined libido as broader life energy and focused more on individuation and symbolic meanings. As such, this option misstates Jung's position and does not accurately reflect the source of the disagreement.

Option 3: 'Freud's emphasis on dreams' - Freud gave dreams central importance in his theory, particularly as windows into the unconscious. Jung also valued dreams, though with different interpretive frameworks. The existence of dream analysis in both theories does not itself constitute the primary disagreement between them; the deeper divergence concerns the nature of the unconscious and the role of myth, archetypes, and spirituality, not merely dream content.

Option 4: 'All of the other options are correct.' - Since Options 2 and 3 contain mischaracterizations or overstatements about the discursive split, this umbrella claim is inaccurate. The disagreement is not accurately captured by all the other statements.

Option 5: 'Jung's emphasis on mythology and spirituality' - This option highlights the central, distinctive point of contention: Jung introduced the idea of a collective unconscious populated by archetypes and gave significant weight to myth, symbols, and spirituality as essential to personality development. This aspect contrasts with Freud's more narrowly sexual and intrapsychic framing, making it the primary source of their disagreement.

In summary, evaluating each choice shows that many options either misstate Jung’s stance or mischaracterize the nature of the disagreement, while the clearest, most foundational difference centers on Jung's emphasis on mythology and spirituality as integral to personality structure and growth.

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A primary cause of disagreement between Freud and Jung's views on personality was:

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