When someone enters their old password instead of their new password into the computer, this is an example of:

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The scenario describes a situation where an old password intrudes on the learning or recall of the new password, affecting current memory performance. 
Option 1: anterograde amnesia. This would mean an inability to form new memories after the event, not a failure to update a current memory with new information. The described effect isn’t about an inability to form new passwords, so this isn’t a fitting label.
Option 2: retroactive interference. This occurs when newer information disrupts the recall of older information. In this case, the new password is not being recalled; rather, the old password is being mistakenly used, which doesn’t match retroactive interference as described.
Option 3: proactive interference. This is when older information interferes with learning or recalling newer information. Here, the older password disrupts the ability to use or learn the new password, causing the old memory to intrude during the login process. This aligns with the classic pattern of proactive interference.
Option 4: retrograde amnesia. This involves loss of past memories, typically for events or information before a certain point, not the present memory conflict between old and new passwords. It does not describe the phenomenon in the scenario.
In summary, the core idea is that prior information (the old password) is interfering with the acquisition or retrieval of newer information (the new password), which is precisely what proactive interference explains. The other options describe different memory failures or disorders that do not fit this everyday access error between old and new passwords.

When someone enters their old password instead of their new password into the computer, this is an example of:

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Wichens et al's experiment showing "a release from proactive interference" is due to

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