Formulate two distinct logical predicates that accurately represent the following new information: “News247 is a news application that has a rating of 8.” The predicates should follow to the previously established syntax and representation schema of the knowledge base. (6 marks)

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To address the task, I will examine what information needs to be captured as logical predicates and how it should align with the knowledge base schema.

Option: news_application(news247)
- This predicate asserts that the symbol news247 is an entity of type 'news_application'. It directly encodes the classification of News247 as a news application, which matches the required representation.
- The structure news_application(…) follows a typical unary predicate format where the argument represents the subject. This is appropriate for stating a property about a single subject.

Option: rating(news247, 8)
- This predicate encodes a binary relation: the subject news247 has a rating value of 8. It expresses a numeric attribute associated with the same subject.
- The use of a decimal or integer 8 as the second argument preserves the explicit rating value and aligns with common knowledge-base schemas where ratings are represented as numbers linked to the item.

Why these two together correctly represent the information:
- The statement that News247 is a news application is captured by news_application(news247), establishing the type or category of the entity.
- The statement that News247 has a rating of 8 is captured by rating(news247, 8), conveying the quantitative attribute.

Why the two predicates are preferable to alternatives:
- They separate type information from attribute information, which is a standard design in knowledge bases: one predicate for type (news_application) and one for a property (rating).
- They avoid mixing data into a single predicate, which helps with modular querying (e.g., asking for all news applications or all items with a given rating).

Potential pitfalls to avoid:
- Do not use a different arity or mislabel the predicates (e.g., rating(news247) without a value) since the value is essential to convey the rating.
- Ensure that the subject name (news247) exactly matches across predicates to maintain a coherent representation of the same entity.

In summary, the pair news_application(news247) and rating(news247, 8) faithfully express the given information in two distinct predicates, adhering to the expected syntax and representation schema of the knowledge base.

Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (082025-VTK)

Formulate two distinct logical predicates that accurately represent the following new information: “News247 is a news application that has a rating of 8.” The predicates should follow to the previously established syntax and representation schema of the knowledge base. (6 marks)

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