Select all of the items that are associated with hypokalemia:

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Restating the task: identify all items associated with hypokalemia from the list of answer options.
Option A: The cells depolarize. This is incorrect. Hypokalemia increases the gradient for potassium leaving the cell, which makes the resting membrane potential more negative (hyperpolarization), not depolarization. So this option misstates the effect on membrane potential.
Option B: It narrows the electrical gap. This description is vague and not a standard direct consequence of hypokalemia. In physiology, hypokalemia affects membrane potential and excitability rather than specifically described as narrowing an electrical gap between cells. Therefore, this option is not a correct association.
Option C: Low serum potassium. This is correct. Hypokalemia literally means a low level of potassium in the serum, so this option is directly associated with hypokalemia.
Option D: It will lower membrane potential. This is correct if interpreted as making the resting membrane potential more negative (hyperpolarization), which is a known effect of hypokalemia due to reduced extracellular potassium and altered ion gradients across the membrane. Therefore, this option accurately reflects a consequence of hypokalemia.
Summary of reasoning:
- Depolarization is not a hallmark of hypokalemia; it would indicate a more positive membrane potential, which is inconsistent with low potassium levels.
- The notion of "narrowing the electrical gap" lacks a clear, standard physiological meaning relevant to hypokalemia, making it an incorrect association.
- Low serum potassium is the defining feature of hypokalemia and is therefore correctly associated.
- A decrease in membrane potential (i.e., a more negative resting potential) aligns with hypokalemia's effect on cell excitability, making this a correct association.

BIOL 251 Clinical Connections 6: The Off-Rhythm Dholak Drum Player

Select all of the items that are associated with hypokalemia:

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