The “dwarfing genes” that played an important role in the green revolution targeted the production of, or sensitivity to:

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The question asks about the target of the so-called “dwarfing genes” that were crucial to the Green Revolution, specifically what they affected in terms of plant growth signals. 
Option a: cytokinins. Cytokinins influence cell division and shoot/apical dominance, but the classical dwarfing genes associated with the Green Revolution did not mainly alter cytokinin pathways. This choice misses the key hormone pathway implicated in the historical dwarfing trait. 
Option b: auxin. Auxin controls many aspects of plant growth, including elongation and curvature, and is certainly important for development. However, the specific dwarfing genes used in the Green Revolution did not primarily modify auxin synthesis or signaling to produce shorter plants. 
Option c: gibberellic acid. Gibberellins, particularly GA biosynthesis and signaling, regulate stem elongation. The major dwarfing genes (e.g., those affecting GA biosynthesis or response) reduce stem elongation, producing short, more robust plants that resist lodging. This aligns with the historical breeding approach in cereals. 
Option d: ethylene. Ethylene modulates senescence, fruit ripening, and some growth responses, but it is not the primary target of the classical Green Revolution dwarfing genes. The dwarf phenotype did not arise from manipulating ethylene pathways in the way described by the historical dwarfing gene strategy. 
Overall, the reasoning centers on the role of gibberellin pathways in stem elongation and how reduced GA activity yields dwarfism, which was exploited to increase lodging resistance and yield in high-input agriculture. The other hormones listed play important roles in plant development, yet they were not the central targets of the key Green Revolution dwarfing genes.

BIO1022 CL S2 2025 Lab 5 Worksheet

The “dwarfing genes” that played an important role in the green revolution targeted the production of, or sensitivity to:

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