Identify the breach of responsible conduct of research (RCR) associated with each of the following definitions.
Presenting and using another’s published or unpublished work, including theories, concepts, data, source material, methodologies or findings, including graphs and images, as one’s own, without appropriate referencing and, if required, without permission.

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Question restatement: Identify the breach of responsible conduct of research (RCR) associated with the definition provided: 'Presenting and using another’s published or unpublished work, including theories, concepts, data, source material, methodologies or findings, including graphs and images, as one’s own, without appropriate referencing and, if required, without permission.'

Option 1: Invalid authorship. This refers to assigning authorship to individuals who did not contribute sufficiently to the work, or omitting those who did contribute. It involves authorship ethics, not appropriating someone else’s content as one’s own.

Option 2: Inadequate acknowledgement. This concerns insufficient or improper citation of sources or contributions, but the focus here is specifically on presenting another’s work as one’s own without reference, which goes beyond merely under-acknowledging.

Option 3: Plagiarism. This exactly matches the given definition: presenting someone else’s published or unpublished work as your own, without proper citation and, when required, without permission. It encompasses ideas, data, figures, or text being used without attribution.

Option 4: Falsification. Falsification involves altering or manipulating data or results to misrepresent findings, not simply claiming another’s work as your own.

Option 5: Fabrication. Fabrication means making up data, findings, or results that do not exist, rather than misattributing someone else’s work.

Option 6: Mismanagement of conflict of interest. This pertains to failing to disclose or properly handle potential conflicts that could bias research, not to misappropriation of others’ work.

Option 7: Destruction of research records. This involves unlawfully or irresponsibly destroying data or documents, which is a different ethical violation from plagiarism.

Option 8: Redundant publications. Also known as self-plagiarism or salami slicing, this refers to publishing substantially similar content more than once, which is related to publication ethics but distinct from using another’s work without attribution.

Summary: Each option targets a different facet of responsible conduct in research. The description given aligns most closely with plagiarism, which is the act of misrepresenting another’s work as one’s own without proper attribution or permission where required.

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