Energy absorbed by an electron is used in

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Restating the question: 'Energy absorbed by an electron is used in' with answer options: a) escaping the metal, b) increasing kinetic energy, c) both A and B, d) increasing frequency.

Option a: 'escaping the metal' — In the context of the photoelectric effect, photons provide energy to electrons. Part of that energy can be used to overcome the work function and allow the electron to escape the metal. This is a valid use of absorbed energy, so this option is true on its own.

Option b: 'increasing kinetic energy' — Any energy not used to overcome the work function becomes the kinetic energy of the emitted electron. Therefore, absorbing energy to raise the electron’s kinetic energy is also a valid use of the absorbed energy, so this option is true on its own as well.

Option c: 'both A and B' — Since both escaping the metal and increasing the kinetic energy are legitimate outcomes of absorbing photons (depending on the photon energy relative to the work function), this combined statement correctly captures the two possible uses of the absorbed energy. It is consistent with the photoelectric effect where E_photon = work_function + KE.

Option d: 'increasing frequency' — The frequency of the incident photon is a property of the incoming light, not a use of energy absorbed by a specific electron. The absorbed energy translates into overcoming the work function and potential kinetic energy; it does not ‘use’ energy to increase frequency of the electron or system. This makes this option incorrect as a description of how the absorbed energy is used.

Summary of reasoning: A correctly describes one possible outcome (escape), B correctly describes the other possible outcome (kinetic energy of the emitted electron), while D misattributes a change in photon or electron energy to a separate action not defined as a use of absorbed energy by the electron. The combination of A and B captured together aligns with the physics of the photoelectric process, supporting the option that states both A and B.

MUF0122 Physics Unit 2 - Semester 2, 2025 13.7 Photoelectric effect

Energy absorbed by an electron is used in

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