Question at position 22 As a queen walks on combs in the hive, she leaves behind chemical residues that are detectable by workers. What is the most likely pheromone involved?queen mandibular pheromonealarm pheromoneethyl oleatetarsal pheromone

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Question re-statement: The scenario describes a queen leaving chemical residues on combs that workers detect, asking which pheromone is most likely involved.
Option 1: queen mandibular pheromone. This pheromone is produced by the queen's mandibles and often functions in brood care, queen recognition, and colony maintenance, but it is typically associated with signaling queen presence and suppressing worker reproduction rather than leaving residues on the comb that are detected by workers as a trail or residue cue on the comb itself.
Option 2: alarm pheromone. Alarm pheromones are released to trigger defensive or escape behaviors in workers, usually in response to danger. They are linked to immediate behavioral responses to threats rather than a residue left on the comb for general colony foraging or maintenance cues.
Option 3: ethyl oleate. Ethyl oleate is a pheromonal compound involved in some insect social regulation (notably in honeybee reproduction or age-related processes in some species), but it is not the classic residue left on combs by the queen that workers detect as part of colony organization signals.
Option 4: tarsal pheromone. Tarsal pheromones are associated with chemical cues deposited by the insect's legs (tarsi) as it walks, leaving residues that workers can detect on surfaces such as the comb. This aligns with the described scenario of the queen walking on combs and leaving detectable residues.
In this context, the most fitting mechanism is a residue-based cue deposited by the queen’s tarsi during walking, which workers detect to infer queen presence or status. Therefore, the tarsal pheromone explanation coherently matches the behavior described in the question.
Summary of incorrect options: The queen mandibular pheromone is more about signaling queen presence and suppression of worker reproduction rather than comb residues; alarm pheromone functions in triggering immediate defensive behaviors; ethyl oleate is a specific compound with different roles in some species and is not the classic residue cue on combs created by queen walking. The tarsal pheromone best accounts for a residue laid down by walking on the comb that workers sense during normal colony activity.

Question at position 22 As a queen walks on combs in the hive, she leaves behind chemical residues that are detectable by workers. What is the most likely pheromone involved?queen mandibular pheromonealarm pheromoneethyl oleatetarsal pheromone

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