Which of the following atomic properties decreases down a group of the periodic table: I Ionisation energyII ElectronegativityIII Atomic radius

Question

Which of the following atomic properties decreases down a group of the periodic table: I  Ionisation energyII ElectronegativityIII Atomic radius

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The question asks which atomic properties decrease as you move down a group in the periodic table. In going down a group, several trends occur: Ionisation energy generally decreases, electronegativity generally decreases, and atomic radius increases due to the addition of electron shells.

Option I: Ionisation energy. As you descend a group, the outer electrons are farther from the nucleus and more shielded, so less energy is required to remove an electron. Therefore, ionisation energy decreases. This option is true.

Option II: Electronegativity. Electronegativity typically decreases down a group because the increasing distance between the nucleus and the bonding electrons (plus greater shielding) reduces the nucleus’s ability to attract electrons in a bond. So electronegativity decreases. This option is true.

Option III: Atomic radius. Atomic radius increases down a group due to the addition of electron shells, which expand the size of the atom. Therefore, atomic radius does not decrease down a group; this option is false.

Given these trends, the statements that decrease down a group are I and II only, while III does not decrease. The provided answer choice indicates that I and II only are correct, which aligns with the standard periodic trends.

MUF0041 Chemistry Unit 1 - Semester 1, 2025 Area of Study 2 Test 1: (Atomic Structure/Periodic Table)

Which of the following atomic properties decreases down a group of the periodic table: I Ionisation energyII ElectronegativityIII Atomic radius

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