What are the three main kinds of isotope tissue samples that are collected from the human body for building these maps?

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To approach this question, I’ll assess what tissue types are typically used for isotope mapping in human biology and anthropology.
Option a: skin. Skin is not commonly used for stable isotope mapping in large-scale body-wide tissue maps because it is a protective barrier with rapid turnover and limited internal isotopic signal retention compared to other tissues. This makes it less informative for long-term or whole-body isotope patterns.
Option b: teeth. Teeth, especially enamel and dentin, are prized in isotope studies because they form at known times and retain biogeochemical signatures over long periods. They provide stable isotopic records that can reflect childhood or developmental periods, making them a key tissue for mapping isotopes.
Option c: bone. Bone continuously remodels but also preserves a composite isotopic record spanning years to decades, depending on the tissue analyzed (e.g., cortical bone). It is a fundamental tissue for building isotope maps of the body due to its durable signal and integration of habitual intake.
Option d: hair. Hair grows in segments and records a sequential isotopic timeline along its length, making it invaluable for tracing changes over recent months. It is commonly used in isotope studies for temporal mapping and for capturing short- to medium-term variations.
Option e: muscle. Muscle tissue can be analyzed for isotopes but is less central for long-term architectural mapping of body-wide isotopic patterns compared to bone, teeth, and hair. It also poses practical challenges in standardizing sampling across individuals, which often limits its role in broad isotope mapping.
Putting it together, the three main kinds of isotope tissue samples typically collected for building body isotope maps are teeth, bone, and hair, since each provides robust, interpretable isotopic information with varying temporal resolution. The other tissues listed are less central for creating comprehensive isotope maps due to turnover rates, retention of signal, or practical considerations.

ANTH 246 OL2 SP25 Week 6 Activity

What are the three main kinds of isotope tissue samples that are collected from the human body for building these maps?

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