What is the "benefit” in a cost-benefit analysis of air pollution control?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks about what is considered the 'benefit' in a cost-benefit analysis of air pollution control.
Option 1: 'It is equal to cost of the devices that control emissions.' This describes a cost, not a benefit. In cost-benefit analysis, costs and benefits are distinct sides of the ledger; the expense of installing control devices is a cost, not a benefit.
Option 2: 'It is the profit of the companies doing the emission control.' This misconstrues the concept of benefit. Profit to the controlling firms is a private financial metric and does not represent the societal benefits of cleaner air; the analysis aims to quantify public health and environmental improvements as benefits, not corporate profits.
Option 3: 'It is equal to the cost of pollution, which includes medical costs from pollution exposure.' While this captures some elements that are avoided through pollution control, a proper benefit is not simply the cost of pollution itself; rather, benefits are the monetized or valued reductions in those costs due to cleaner air. Saying the benefit equals the cost of pollution reverses the relationship and misses the broader benefits like improved health, productivity, and ecosystem gains.
Option 4: 'The benefit is cleaner air.' This correctly identifies the core outcome that is generally valued in such analyses. Cleaner air leads to reduced health problems, fewer medical costs, better quality of life, and environmental improvements, all of which are counted as benefits in the analysis.
In summary, the only option that accurately reflects the societal benefit in a cost-benefit framework for air pollution control is that the benefit is cleaner air, with the other options either mislabeling a cost as a benefit or mischaracterizing what constitutes the benefit.

25S-A&O SCI-2-LEC-1 / 25S-A&O SCI-2-LEC-2 Lesson 7b. Air Pollution Toxicology: Dose of Exposure - Quiz

What is the "benefit” in a cost-benefit analysis of air pollution control?

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